Express photolithographic DNA microarray synthesis with optimized chemistry and high-efficiency photolabile groups

Express photolithographic DNA microarray synthesis with optimized chemistry and high-efficiency photolabile groups.

BACKGROUND DNA microarrays are a core element of modern genomics research and medical diagnostics, allowing the simple and simultaneous determination of the relative abundances of hundreds of thousands to millions of genomic DNA or RNA sequences in a sample. Photolithographic in situ synthesis, using light projection from a digitally-controlled array of micromirrors, has been successful at both...

Next-Generation o-Nitrobenzyl Photolabile Groups for Light-Directed Chemistry and Microarray Synthesis**

Light as an external trigger is a valuable and easily controllable tool for directing chemical reactions with high spatial and temporal accuracy. Two o-nitrobenzyl derivatives, benzoyl- and thiophenyl-NPPOC, undergo photo-deprotection with significantly improved efficiency over that of the commonly used NPPOC group. The two- and twelvefold increase in photo-deprotection efficiency was proven us...

Synthesis of Photolabile 5'-O-Phosphoramidites for the Photolithographic Production of Microarrays of Inversely Oriented Oligonucleotides

The photolabile 3'-O-{[2-(2-nitrophenyl)propoxy]carbonyl}-protected 5'-phosphoramidites (16 ± 18) were synthesized (see Scheme) for an alternative mode of light-directed production of oligonucleotide arrays. Because of the characteristics of these monomeric building blocks, photolithographic in situ DNA synthesis occurred in 5'! 3' direction, in agreement with the orientation of enzymatic synth...

Photolabile protecting groups and linkers

More efficient photolithographic synthesis of DNA-chips by photosensitization.

Light-induced release of photolabile protecting groups is a key step in the photolithographic in-situ synthesis of oligonucleotides in the production of high-density DNA-chips. Protecting groups of the o-nitrophenyl type that are preferentially used for this purpose have rather low absorption coefficients at 366 nm, the wavelength of the most conveniently used mercury line. The weak absorptivit...